Nirsum Labs

References

1. The Economist. Forecasting the Opioid Epidemic. (October 28, 2017)https://www.economist.com/united-states/2017/10/28/forecasting-the-opioid-epidemic
2. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (2023) https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/research/fetal-alcohol-spectrum-disorders
3. The Economic Toll of the Opioid Crisis Reached Nearly $1.5 trillion in 2020 (September 22, 2022)https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/_cache/files/67bced7f-4232-40ea-9263-f033d280c567/jec-cost-of-opioids-issue-brief.pdf
4. CDC, Deaths from Excessive Alcohol use – United States, 2016-2021 (February 29, 2024)
   https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/73/wr/mm7308a1.htm
5. Project Know – Understanding Addiction. Cutting it Short. (June 14, 2018)https://www.projectknow.com/discover/cutting-it-short 
6. Table 5.1 – Substance Use Disorder for Specific Substances in Past Year: Among People Aged 12 or Older; by Age Group, Numbers in Thousands, 2021 and 2022
   https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/reports/rpt42728/NSDUHDetailedTabs2022/NSDUHDetailedTabs2022/NSDUHDetTabsSect5pe2022.htm#tab5.1a
   and
   JAMA Network, Estimated Deaths Attributable to Excessive Alcohol Use Among US Adults Aged 20 to 64 Years, 2015 to 2019 (November 1, 2022)
   https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2798004
7. Saloner, B. & Karthikeyan, S. Changes in Substance Abuse Treatment Use Among Individuals With Opioid Use Disorders in the United States, 2004-2013. Jama 314, 1515-1517, doi:10.1001/jama.2015.10345 (2015).
8. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Alcohol’s Effect on Health (2024)
   https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-topics/alcohol-facts-and-statistics/alcohol-treatment-united-states#:~:text=Among%20an%20estimated%2028.8%20million,alcohol%20in%20the%20past%20year
9. Morgan, J. R., Schackman, B. R., Leff, J. A., Linas, B. P. & Walley, A. Y. Injectable naltrexone, oral naltrexone, and buprenorphine utilization and discontinuation among individuals treated for opioid use disorder in a United States commercially insured population. Journal of substance abuse treatment 85, 90-96, doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2017.07.001 (2018).
10. NIH National Library of Medicine, Alcohol-Related Aggression – Social and Neurobiological Factors (October 18, 2013)
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3820993/#:~:text=Alcohol%2Drelated%20aggression%20also%20often,)%20(e7%E2%80%93%20e9